Understanding the Role of Gender-based Online Hate Speech in Exacerbating Conflict and Violence

This report provides an evidence review summary of gender-based online hate speech in conflict contexts, exploring published evidence available to the issue in order to understand how prevalent gender-based online hate speech is in conflict contexts, the different impacts it has and evidence on how this is being addressed. The summary shows that while there is strong evidence on GBV and online hate speech and similarly for conflict and online hate speech, the intersection and linkages between these aren’t strong in available literature. Evidence on women, peace and security (WPS) and digital harm through social media is critically missing from currently available literature.